AACN Essentials of Progressive Care Nursing by Marianne Chulay & Suzanne M. Burns RN MSN RRT ACNP CCRN FAAN FCCM FAANP

Author:Marianne Chulay & Suzanne M. Burns, RN, MSN, RRT, ACNP, CCRN, FAAN, FCCM, FAANP
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
Published: 2010-06-14T16:00:00+00:00

Treating the Underlying Disease State

Correction of the underlying cause of the ARF should be done as soon as possible. See specific management approaches later in the chapter for each disease state.

Reducing Anxiety

Maintain a calm, supportive environment to avoid unnecessary escalation of anxiety. Give brief explanations of activities and approaches being done to relieve ARF. Vigilance and presence of health-care providers during anxious periods is crucial to avoid panic by patients and visiting family members.

Teach diaphragmatic breathing to slow the rate and increase the depth of respirations. Place one hand on the patient’s abdomen. Instruct the patient to inhale deeply, causing the hand on the abdomen to rise. During exhalation, have the patient feel the hand on the belly sink down toward the spine. Explain that the chest should not be moving at all. After a minute or two, ask the patient to place his or her hands on the belly to continue the exercise.

Administer mild doses of anxiolytics (ie, lorazepam or diazepam) cautiously that do not depress respiration.

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